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Genus Buthus Leach,
1815
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Index of danger
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| Buthus genus
is composed of: |
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| Buthus
albengai Lourenço,
2003 |
Morocco. |
 29-33  26-30 |
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Scorpion
of big size (up to 8,5 cm) of yellowish
color with the darker tergites
and the presence of 3 brownish
longitudinal bands. Bandage median
less broad than the side ones.
Aculeus of the blister little curved
and a little shorter than the blister.
Telson yellow clearly and last
ring of the darker tail. Legs yellow
very clear.
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| Buthus atlantis Pocock,
1889 |
Morocco,
(Mogador to Agadir). |
31-35 25-28 |
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Scorpion of big size, being able to reach 9
cm, colour of the body and the appendices
yellow straw to brown clearly. Buthus atlantis separates
with facility from the unit from
other Buthus by the slim
form from the appendices from the
tail and the blister.
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| Buthus Barbouri Werner,
1932 |
Morocco (Agadir). |
24-25 ?? |
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Scorpion
of average size, 6 cm surroundings.
Dark general colour, very hairy tail
and maxillipedes, reddish end of
the fingers and the tarses.
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| Buthus
bonito Lourenço & Geniez,
2005 |
Morocco (Tarfaya). |
34-35* 29-34 |
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Scorpions
of medium size, reaching a total
length of 5 to 5,5 cm. General
coloration very pale yellow, with
only some slightly darker zones
over the carapace and median carinae
of tergites, chelicera finger denticle,
oblique rows of granules on pedipalp
fingers and extremity of aculeus.
These part are blackish in juveniles
that exhibit a more contrasted
pattern than that of Buthus
altlantis.
Ventrer, pedipalps and legs very
pale yellow. carinae and granulation
moderate to weak. Fixed and movable
fingers witj 10-11 rows of granules
in both sexes. Male pectines very
long and largely overlapping in
their proximal region.
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| Buthus
brignolii Lourenço,
2003 |
Sudan (Darfur,
Djebel Meidob). |
?? 28-29* |
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| Buthus
draa Lourenço & Slimani,
2004 |
Morocco |
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- In
search of informations
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| Buthus
ibericus Lourenço
et Vachon, 2004 |
Spain,
(Cadiz, San josé del
Valle). |
25-29 22-24 |
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Scorpion
of average size (6,5 cm
max.) of brownish yellow color,
with the very dark hulls on the
prosoma. Tergites very obscured
by confluent brownish bands and
presence of a longitudinal brownish
band on the axial hull. Yellow
Telson clearly with the aculeus
yellowish at its base and blackish
at the end.
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| Buthus insolitus Borelli,
1925 |
Somalie |
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- In
search of informations
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| Buthus
jianxinae Loureço,
2005 |
Soudan |
33-34 ?? |
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Basically
pale yellow to slightly reddish-yellow,
without any spots. Prosoma with
carapace reddish-yellow; eyes surrounded
by black pigment. Mesosoma yellowish.
Metasoma with segments I to IV
yellowish; segment V slightly reddish-yellow;
vesicle pale yellow; aculeus yellowish
at its base and reddish at its
extremity. Venter yellowish. Chelicerae
yellowish with variegated light
reddish spots; fingers and teeth
reddish. Pedipalps yellowish; fixed
and movable fingers with 10-11
oblique rows of reddish granules.
Legs pale yellow without any spots.
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| Buthus
lienhardi Lourenço,
2003 |
Morocco (Marrakech). |
27-29 22-23 |
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| Buthus
malhommei Vachon, 1949 |
Morocco (Marrakech,
Oum er Rbia valley). |
26-30 21-25 |
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Specie
of small size, 4,5 to 5,5 cm. Of
yellow color with the darker
tergites and the presence of 3
coloured bands. For the telson
the blister is very globulous,
the short aculeus is strongly curved.
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| Buthus
mardochei Simon, 1878 |
Morocco (Agadir). |
29-35 25-29 |
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Specie
of average size, approximately 5
to 6,5 cm. Of yellow color straw
with the slightly darker tergites,
but without coloured bands. Aculeus
of the telson slightly
curved and shorter than the blister.
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| Buthus
mariefranceae Lourenço,
2003 |
Morocco (Goulimine). |
24-31 20-27 |
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Specie
of small size, not exceeding 5
cm. Yellowish color brown, with
the darker tergites. Presence of
three brownish longitudinal bands
as well as many spots on the metasoma,
the carapace (head), and the pedipalps.
Last almost black segment of the
tail. Aculeus fairly curved
and a little shorter than the blister.
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| Buthus Moroccocanus Birula,
1903 |
Morocco Rabat. |
28-32 23-26 |
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Scorpion
of average size, i.e. being able
to reach, in the adult, from 5
to 6 cm, and always of colour sinks
uniform (body, appendices and tail)
drawing on the black, with only
the ends of the ambulatory
legs clearer. Squat tail.
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| Buthus
montanus Lourenço
& Vachon, 2004 |
Spain,
(Granada, Almeria). |
28-29 23-27 |
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Scorpion
medium or large sized, 6 to 7,5
cm. long. Color generally yellowish,
with carinae
more darker;
tergites with confluent stripes
lightly darker. Carapace with carinae
strongly developed; centralo-median
carinae with big granules forming
a transversal carina. Tergites
with granules and carinae strongly
marked. Metasomal segments I-V
with carinae well marked; vesicle
with some rarely granuleson the
ventral side, almost smooth; aculeus
slightly curved as long as the
vesicle. Fixed and mobile fingers
with 11 oblique rows of granules
darker than the fingers.
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| Buthus occitanus (Amoreux,
1789) |
Mediterranean
area. North Africa.
South of Sahara (Senegal,
Mali...). |
25-36 19-30 |
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Scorpion of
clear colour, yellow straw with brown
dark, with at most some bands coloured
on the abdomen and the last ring
of the tail, obscured. Of any size,
4 to10 cm.
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| Buthus
paris (C. L. Koch,
1839) |
Algeria (Alger,Chrea,
Tala Guilet). Morocco (Argana,
Ifrane and Middle-Atlas). |
29-34 23-28 |
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| Buthus
rochati Lourenço,
2003 |
Morocco (Drâa
valley, Tafnidit). |
29-35 26-29 |
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Scorpion
of small size (4 to 4,5
cm), of yellowish color with the
hulls of the tergites slightly
darker. Presence of bands coloured
at the juveniles.Telson and last
ring of the tail more darker. Sting
of the telson little curved and
shorter than the blister. Legs
very clear yellow.
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| Buthus
tassili Lourenço,
2002 |
Algeria (Hoggar,
Tassili). |
30-32 23-27 |
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Species
of average size (5 to 5,5 cm),
of yellowish general color with
sunk spots marked well on the last
ring of the tail and the telson.
Blister and last segment
of the tail darker. Legs pale yellow.
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| Buthus
tunetanus (Herbst,
1800) |
Tunisia (kerkennat
Islands, Djabel Birino, Djehel Diza,
Tunis). |
29-35 24-29 |
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*
Only one specimen known.
Subspecies
of Buthus :
Buthus atlantis (Pocock,
1889)
Buthus occitanus (Amoreux,1789)
The
Breeding
Note:
One of the common species very visible
in France with Euscorpius. But
it is also found, all around the
Mediterranean basin, as well in Israel,
as in Turkey, Sicily, North Africa
and even Senegal in Somalia. Obviously,
within sight of occupied surface,
the differences in aspect are very
numerous, as well cuts some as color.
Temperature:
Temperature
until 35°C for the
species living in north
Africa, with 25°C
for the European ones,
minima
for the winter: 10°C.
A night fall from at least
7 with 8°C is always
required. The winter a
diapause is necessary if
you want to have a reproduction
and to prolong the life
expectancy of your specimens.
It is then necessary to
reduce the temperature
(11°C) and to decrease
the contribution in food.
Into summer, its behavior
changes with the increase
in the temperature, more
it makes hot plus this
one becomes aggressive.
Food:
Especially crickets, but some small spiders as well as the small
cockroaches are accepted
in general. Eat also
other scorpions, same
species or of another
of lower size. In nature,
any insect which passes
close to its grips is
a potential prey and
very often one finds
it under the stones with
the quite round belly.
It pricks with all the
blows its prey.
Terrarium:
Of
share its geographical
distribution, this species
does not have a particular
habitat! One finds it
in mountainous areas
in Morocco, in arid mediums
as in Tunisia like in
places moderated as in
the south of France.
According to the source,
the terrarium could be
of moderate type (for
the European subspecies)
to steppe seeing even
desert. However generally
a mixture of argillaceous
ground or sand is appropriate
to him perfectly. On
a hard ground this species
will dig a hiding place.
For the hygroscopy count
35% the summer and 60%
the winter, but do not
forget to provide him
to drink. Not too
much not to vaporize
in terrarium, especially
for the old specimens
coming from the dry areas.
Indeed, of the mycoses
can cause the death of
the scorpions. Stones
or barks are the welcomes
to be used to him as
hiding-place. For a specimen,
a terrarium of 10x20
is enough, for a minimum
couple or more 30x20.
Sociability:
It
is not, itself, a sociable
species. It sometimes
happens of the times
to find two scorpions
together under the same
stone, but when you put
them together in a terrarium,
largest eats smallest.
However, it is possible
to put a couple together,
but supervise the first
contacts well then, if
all occurs well, supervise
during a few days if
very continuous to occur
well. In
the event of birth, isolate
the mother and the small
ones. Those Ci, after
their first moult will
be insulated in their
turn. The gestation period
can last from 10 to 11
months, the range can
give 70 small pullus,
but count a little less.
The mortality of the
young people is very
significant at the time
of the moults.
Note:
The subspecies tunetanus is potentially
dangerous for the
man.
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References :
-
Fet,
Victor, Sissom, W. David, Lowe, Graeme & Braunwalder,
Matt E. CATALOG OF THE SCORPIONS OF
THE WORLD, 2000. The New York Entomological
Society.
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Lourenço
W. R., DESCRIPTION OF THREE NEW SPECIES
OF SCORPIONS FROM SUDAN (SCORPIONES, BUTHIDAE);
Boletin Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa,
2005, 36: 21-28
- Lourenço
W. R., & Greniez P., A NEW SCORPION SPECIES
OF THE GENUS BUTHUS LEACH, 1815 (SCORPIONES,
BUTHIADE) FROM MOROCCO, 2005, Euscorpius
N° 19. Marshall Univerty.
- Rein,
Jan Ove , The
Scorpion Files
- Vachon,
Maxime, ETUDES SUR LES SCORPIONS,
1951. Institut Pasteur d'Algerie.
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Last
update
07/06/2006
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